Miniaturized Dual-Band Firat Fractal Microstrip Patch Antennas for TVWS Applications

This work presents a microstrip patch antenna (MPA) based on the Firat outer model fractal for compact dual-band TV White Space (TVWS) applications. The proposed Firat fractal MPA with reflector plane operates at 560 MHz and 680 MHz on an FR-4 substrate. Our approach indicates a patch area reduction exceeding 70% at each operating frequency, confirming effective miniaturization. The antenna achieves realized gain of 6.3 dBi, radiation efficiency above 80%, and bandwidths of 40 MHz (lower band) and 60 MHz (upper band), respectively. Far-field analysis confirms linear polarization at 560 MHz and elliptical polarization at 680 MHz, demonstrating coupling robustness and suitability for compact dual-band TVWS systems.