Square DRA with Orthogonal Slot Excitation and Impedance Matching for GPS L1 Applications

This paper presents a square dielectric resonator antenna (SDRA) with right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) for the GPS L1-band (centered at 1.575 GHz). The antenna consists of a dielectric resonator excited by two orthogonal slots etched in the ground plane, enabling the excitation of orthogonal modes in phase quadrature for circular polarization. A microstrip feed with series and shunt stubs is employed to achieve impedance matching below -10 dB over the operating band. The antenna was modeled and optimized in Ansys HFSS, focusing on axial ratio performance. Simulation results show low axial ratio, wide angular coverage, low cross-polarization levels, and high radiation efficiency over the GPS L1 band.