Beamforming Analysis of Linear and Planar Arrays for Next-Generation Wireless Systems

This paper presents a detailed analysis of both linear and planar dipole antenna arrays, with emphasis on beamforming techniques applied to high-frequency environments, such as those expected for 6G networks. Using the Method of Moments (MoM), the electromagnetic behavior of the arrays operating at 28 GHz and their communication capabilities in the near-field region are investigated. The influence of array size on spatial field confinement and beam directionality is explored. The results demonstrate the potential of these arrays to enable more targeted, efficient and reliable mobile communications in future generations of wireless systems.